For citation: TolokonnikovaA.V., Maksimova A.V. (2019) Pol'zovatel'skiy kontent v vypuskakh novostey na rossiyskikh telekanalakh [User-Generated Content in News Broadcasts of Russian TV Channels]. Mediaskop 3. (in Russian). Available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/2569
DOI: 10.30547/mediascope.3.2019.8
© Anna V. Tolokonnikova
PhD in Philology, Associate Professor at the Chair of Media Theory and Economics, Faculty of Journalism, Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia), a.tolokonnikova@mail.ru
© Alexandra V. Maksimova
Lomonosov Moscow State University graduate, Faculty of Journalism, correspondent at 'Business morning', NTV channel (Moscow, Russia), sasha.zin595@mail.ru
Abstract
The paper examines how TV channels in Russia use photo and video materials that were posted on the Internet by ordinary users. The authors pointed out several important events that took place in January-May 2017. The list of events included a terrorist act in St. Petersburg metro, the shelling of the Polish consulate in the west of Ukraine, a protest in Lviv and the closure of the Lviv-Warsaw international road, the collision of a train and electric train in Moscow, and forest fires in Siberia. Each of these events correlates with the main types of stories covered using some form of UGC, according to the researchers of Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia Journalism School C. Wardle, S. Dubberley, P. Brown (such as «Explosion. Terrorism or other causes», «Conflict, War, Military», «Protest», «Vehicular crashes» and «Weather»). In this paper the authors analyze news stories related to these topics aired on Perviy Kanal, Rossiya 1, NTV, REN TV, Life News to find out whether user-generated content was used in the creation of stories. This allowed authors to identify certain patterns in the approaches of various TV channels to usage of the amateur footage. Specifics of editorial work with user-generated content were studied during the interviews with representatives of all aforementioned TV channels. All interviews were conducted by the authors themselves.
Keywords: television market, Russian TV channels, user-generated content, news programs.
Notes
Alezina M., Aleksenko F., Gavrilko-Alekseev A., Dergachev V. et al. (2017) Vzryv v metro Sankt-Peterburga: chto izvestno o proizoshedshem [Explosion in St. Petersburg Metro: What Is Known So Far]. RBK, April 3. Available at: http://www.rbc.ru/society/03/04/2017/58e2384a9a7947f3f0173629
Ambartsumyan N. (2017) Pol'skaya obshchina Ukrainy perekryla trassu L'vov-Varshava [The Polish Community in Ukraine Blocked the Road Lviv-Warsaw]. Life News Novosti, March 29. Available at: https://life.ru/t/%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8/991400/polskaia_obshchina_ukrainy_pieriekryla_trassu_lvov_– _varshava
Internet Live Stats. Internet Usage & Social Media Statistics. Available at: http://www.internetlivestats.com/
Kolichestvo internet-pol'zovateley. Mart-avg. 2017 g., Monthly Reach% i tys. chel., 12+ let [The Amount of Internet Users]. In: TNS WEB Index. Auditoriya Interneta v tselom. Rossiya 0+. Rezul'taty ustanovochnogo issledovaniya [The Internet Audience in General. Russia 0+. The Results of the Establishment Survey]. March-August 2017.
Na trasse L'vov-Varshava proshla aktsiya protesta aktivistov pol'skoy obshchiny Ukrainy [Activists of Polish Community in Ukraine Hold Protest on Highway Lviv-Warsaw]. Pervyy kanal, 2017, March 30. Available at: https://www.1tv.ru/news/2017-03-30/322526-na_trasse_lvov_varshava_proshla_aktsiya_protesta_aktivistov_polskoy_obschiny_ukrainy
Nikakogo perebegavshego puti cheloveka ne bylo: chto na samom dele privelo k stolknoveniyu poezdov v Moskve [No One Running Over: What Really Caused Train Collision in Moscow]. REN TV, 2017, April 10. Available at: http://ren.tv/novosti/2017-04-10/nikakogo-perebegavshego-puti-cheloveka-chto-na-samom-dele-privelo-v k-?-stolknoveniyu
Obstanovka s prirodnymi pozharami v Sibiri stabilizirovalas' [The Situation with Wildfires in Siberia Has Stabilized]. RIA Novosti, 2017. May 3. Available at: https://ria.ru/incidents/20170503/1493545188.html
Obstrel konsul'stva Pol'shi v Lutske: vse podrobnosti intsidenta [Shelling of Polish Consulate in Lutsk: All Details of Incident]. RIA Novosti Ukraina, 2017, March 29. Available at: http://rian.com.ua/analytics/20170329/1022707760.html
Pautova O. (2017) Na zapade Moskvy stolknulis' poezd i elektrichka, est' postradavshie [Train and Commuter Rail Encountered in West of Moscow, Casualties Are Reported]. Pervyy kanal, April 9. Available at: https://www.1tv.ru/news/2017-04-09/323144-na_zapade_moskvy_stolknulis_poezd_i_elektrichka_est_postradavshie
Polyaki na Ukraine perekryli trassu, zazhgli pokryshki i ustroili draku [Ukranian Poles Block Highway, Burn Tyres and Put up Fight]. REN TV. Available at: http://ren.tv/novosti/2017-03-29/video-polyaki-na-ukraine-perekryli-trassu-zazhgli-pokryshki-i-ustroili-draku
Programma «Segodnya» 10:00 [Programme 'Segodnya' 10 a.m.]. NTV, 2017, April 30. Available at: http://www.ntv.ru/peredacha/segodnya/m23700/o442196/video/; http://www.ntv.ru/peredacha/segodnya/issues/23700/?page=1132
Razvitie Interneta v regionakh Rossii. Issledovanie Yandeksa. Vesna 2016 [Development of the Internet in Russian regions. Research by Yandex. Spring 2016]. Available at: https://yandex.ru/company/researches/2016/ya_internet_regions_2016
Rezhim ChS vveden v Sibiri iz-za pozharov [Emergency Mode Introduced in Siberia Because of Fires]. REN TV, 2017, April 28. Available at: http://ren.tv/novosti/2017-04-28/rezhim-chs-vveden-v-sibiri-iz-za-pozharov
Rezul'taty issledovaniy auditorii SMI. Rossiya (goroda 100 tys.+). 24−30 apr. 2016 [Research Results of the Audience of Mass Media. Russia (cities 100,000+). April 24-30, 2016]. Mediascope/TNS. Available at: http://mediascope.net/services/media/media-audience/tv/national-and-regional/audience/?arrFilter_pf%5BCITY%5D=5096&arrFilter_pf%5BPERIOD%5D=24%2F04%2F2017+-+30%2F04%2F2017&arrFilter_pf%5BTYPE%5D=45&captcha_code=07dfb5649948d4a58ded6002729761d7&captcha_word=84YJ9&set_filter=Y
V metro v Peterburge progremel vzryv: khronika sobytiy [Explosion Thundered in St. Petersburg Metro: Chronicle of Events]. REN TV, 2017, April 3. Available at: http://ren.tv/novosti/2017-04-03/v-metro-v-peterburge-progremel-vzryv
V Sankt-Peterburge na stantsii metro «Sennaya ploshchad'» progremel vzryv, est' postradavshie [Explosion in St. Petersburg at 'Sennaya Ploshchad`' Metro Station, Casualties Are Reported]. Pervyy kanal, 2017, April 3. Available at: https://www.1tv.ru/news/2017-04-03/322766-v_sankt_pet
Vypusk novostey v 10:00 [News Release at 10 a.m.]. Pervyy kanal, 2017, April 30. Available at: https://www.1tv.ru/news/issue/2017-04-30/10:00#1
References
Amzin A. Galustyan A., Gatov V., Kastel's M. et al. (2016) Kak novye media izmenili zhurnalistiku [How New Media Have Changed Journalism. 2012−2016]. In: Balmaeva S., Lukina M. (eds.). Ekaterinburg: Humanitarian Univ. Publ. Available at: http://newmedia2016.digital-books.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/New-Media-2016.pdf
Cherevko T.S., Dunas D.V., Tolokonnikova A.V. (2018) Novosti v usloviyakh internetizatsii: analiz novostnogo potrebleniya studentov[News in the Networked Era: an Analysis of Students' News Consumption]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 10: Zhurnalistika 1: 3−25.
DOI: 10.30547/vestnik.journ.1.2018.325
Cherevko T.S., Gladkova A.A. (2016) Internet-SMI Rossii na yazykakh etnicheskikh grupp [Russian Internet Mass Media in Ethnic Languages]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 10: Zhurnalistika 5: 56−72.
Ishmatov M.Sh., Pustovalov A.V. (2013) Novosti SMI v sotsial'nykh setyakh: perspektivy uspeshnogo rasprostraneniya [Medianews in Social Networks: Perspectives of Successful Dissemination]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Rossiyskaya i zarubezhnaya filologiya 4 (24): 227−239.
Karyakina K.A. Aktual'nye formy i modeli novykh media: ot ponimaniya auditorii k sozdaniyu kontenta [Topical Forms and Models of New Media: from Audience Comprehension to Content Creation]. Mediaskop 1. (in Russian). Available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/актуальные-формы-и-модели-новых-медиа-от-понимания-аудитории-к-созданию-контента
Lukina M.M. (ed.) (2010) Internet-SMI: teoriya i praktika [Internet Media: Theory and Practice]. Moscow: Aspekt Press Publ.
Nip J. (2009) Citizen Journalism in China: The Case of the Wenchuan Earthquake. In: Stuart A., Einar T. (eds.) Citizen Journalism: Global Perspectives. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, pp. 95−105.
Nip J. (2010) Routinization of Charisma: The Institutionalization of Public Journalism Online. In: Rosenberry J., Burton St J. III (eds.) Public Journalism 2.0: The Promise and Reality of a Citizen Engaged Press. New York: Routledge, pp. 135−148.
Poluekhtova I.A. (2012) Televidenie glazami telezriteley [Television through the Eyes of Viewers]. Moscow: NIPKTs Voskhod-A; VI Publ.
Shilina M.G. (2011) Svyazi s obshchestvennost'yu v Internete: k voprosu formirovaniya ponyatiynogo apparata [Public Relations in the Internet and the Problems of Сonceptual Аpparatus]. Mediaskop 2. (in Russian). Available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/node/853
Vartanova E.L., Kolomiets V.P. (eds.) (2016) Televidenie v Rossii v 2015 godu. Sostoyanie, tendentsii i perspektivy razvitiya. Otraslevoy doklad [Television in Russia in 2015. Current State, Trends and Perspectives of Development. Industry Report]. Moscow: Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communication Publ.
Vartanova E.L., Kolomiets V.P. (eds.) (2017) Televidenie v Rossii v 2016 godu. Sostoyanie, tendentsii i perspektivy razvitiya. Otraslevoy doklad [Lelevision in Russia in 2016. Current State, Trends and Perspectives of Development. Industry Report]. Moscow: Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communication Publ.
Vartanova E.L., Vyrkovskiy A.V., Makeenko M.I., Smirnov S.S. (2017) Industriya rossiyskikh media: tsifrovoe budushchee [The Russian Media Industry: a Digital Future]. Moscow: MediaMir Publ.
Wardle С., Dubberley S., Brown P. (2014) Amateur Footage: A Global Study of User-Generated Content in TV News and Online Output. New York: Tow Center for Digital Journalism.